![]() ![]() In the late 18th century, forms found in medieval Scottish architecture were revived and castle-style houses were constructed. Tower houses and castles were often given painted ceilings and decorative plasterwork in the 16th and 17th centuries, employing distinctive national styles. Meanwhile, the advance of artillery pressed military engineers to devise stronger fortifications for important royal strongholds. This type of vertical house continued to be popular with Scotland's landowning class through to the late 17th century, when classical architecture made its first appearance in the country. īy the late 14th century, the large curtain-walled castles had begun to give way to more modest tower houses – vertical dwellings with less formidable defences. These motte and bailey castles were replaced with the first stone-built castles from around 1200. The first castles were built in Scotland in the 11th and 12th centuries, with the introduction of Anglo-Norman influence. In Scotland, earlier fortifications had included hill forts, brochs, and duns and many castles were on the site of these earlier buildings. Over the approximately 900 years that castles were built, they took on a great many forms. The term has been popularly applied to structures as diverse as hill forts and country houses. This is distinct from a fortress, which was not a home, although this distinction is not absolute and the same structure may have had different uses from time to time. ![]() Scholars debate the scope of the word "castle", but usually consider it to be the private fortified residence of a lord or noble. ![]() A castle is a type of fortified structure built primarily during the Middle Ages. ![]()
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